Economics 350, Winter 2021: Handouts, Private Key |
Handouts may be updated after the class in which they are presented.
Background Notes, Session by Session
Lecture 1, January 13, 2021
- Overview and Plan of the Course
- Reading List
- Inequality in What? Income Measures and Wage Measures
- Inequality in Health
- Diverging Destinies Revisited, McLanahan and Jacobsen (2015)
- Paper: McLanahan, Sara, and Wade Jacobsen. (2015). “Diverging Destinies Revisited.” In Families in an Era of Increasing Inequality: Diverging Destinies, edited by Paul R. Amato, Alan Booth, Susan M. McHale and Jennifer Van Hook, 3-23. Springer International Publishing.
- Poverty in the United States, Meyer (2020)
- Reassessing the Facts about Inequality, Poverty , and Redistribution, Early (2018)
- Paper: Early, John F. 2018. “Reassessing the Facts about Inequality, Poverty, and Redistribution.” Cato Institute Policy Analysis No. 839.
- Growing Income Inequality in the United States and Other Advanced Economies, Hoffman, Lee, and Lemieux (2020)
- Paper: Hoffmann, Florian, David S. Lee, and Thomas Lemieux. 2020. “Growing Income Inequality in the United States and Other Advanced Economies.” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 34 (4): 52-78.
- How the Economy is Actually Doing, in 9 Charts, Koeze (2020)
- The Rate of Return to Schooling: The Mincer Equation and Beyond
Guest Lecture, Thomas Coleman
Lecture 2, January 20, 2021
- Rate of Return Continuation Values and Option Values in a Simple Dynamic Model, Eisenhauer, Heckman and Mosso (2015).
- Roy Models of Policy Evaluation
- The Roy Model and the Generalized Roy Model
- Some Generalized Roy Math
- Skills and Tasks in the Labor Market
- Returns to Education: The Causal Effects of Education on Earnings, Health and Smoking Heckman, Humphries, and Veramendi (2018)
- Age, Period, and Cohort Effects (Extract from The Mincer Equation and the Rate of Return to Schooling)
- Simple Model of Human Capital Formation
- Two Interpretations of the Mincer Equation: Learning-by-doing vs. On-the-job Training by Heckman, Lochner, and Cossa (2003)
- Evidence on Learning-by-doing vs. On-the-job Training: Using variation induced by the EITC to test between models of skill formation by Heckman, Lochner, and Cossa (2003)
- The Career Decisions of Young Men, Keane and Wolpin (1997)
- Ben-Porath Notes
- Sheshinski Specification
- Notes on “A Theory of Job Shopping,” by Johnson
- Gittins Index, Pandora’s Box, and Miller’s Model of Learning and Labor Market Turnover
- A Dynamic Analysis of Educational Attainment, Occupational Choices, and Job Search by Sullivan (2010)
- Post Schooling Wage Growth: Investment, Search and Learning by Rubinstein and Weiss (2006)
- Rubinstein, Yona and Yoram Weiss. (2006). “Post Schooling Wage Growth: Investment, Search and Learning,” In: E. Hanushek and F. Welch, (eds.), Handbook of the Economics of Education, Volume 1, Chapter 1. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 1-67.
Lecture 3, January 27, 2021
- Preferences, Personality Psychology, and Economics: Some New Results
- Skills, Tasks, and Complexity, Gersbach and Schmassmann (2019)
- Paper: Gersbach, Hans and Samuel Schmassmann. (2019). “Skills, Tasks, and Complexity,” IZA Discussion Paper No. 12770.
- Skills and Tasks in the Labor Market
- Skills, Tasks and Technologies: Implications for Employment and Earnings, Acemoglu and Autor (2011)
- Paretian Distributions and Income Maximizations, Mandelbrot (1962).
- The Growing Importance of Social Skills in the Labor Market, Deming (2017)
- STEM Careers and Technological Change, Deming and Noray (2018).
- The Economics and Psychology of Personality Traits
- Skills vs. Tasks: A Task Approach, Zhou (2019)
- A Dynamic Model of Personality, Schooling, and Occupational Choice, by Todd and Zhang
- Skills vs. Tasks: How Important Are Occupations? Caines, Hoffman, and Kambourov (2016)
- Skills and Firms
- Efficiency Units, Elementary Hedonic Models (Gorman and Lancaster) With and Without Bundling Restrictions
- Other Ways to Define Occupations (Paretian Distributions and Income Maximizations), Mandelbrot (1962).
- The Rising Return to Non-Cognitive Skill by Edin, Fredriksson, Nybom, and Ockert (2017)
- A Rosetta Stone for Noncognitive Skills: Understanding, Assessing, and Enhancing Noncognitive Skills in Primary and Secondary Education by Roberts, Martin, and Olaru (2015)
- Tasks and Heterogeneous Human Capital by Yamaguchi. (2012)
- Multidimensional Skills, Sorting, and Human Capital Accumulation by Lise and Postel-Vinay (2018)
- Firm Heterogeneity in Skill Returns, Böhm, Esmkhani, and Gallipoli, 2020
- Böhm, Michael J., Khalil Esmkhani, and Giovanni Gallipoli. 2020. “Firm Heterogeneity in Skill Returns.” Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group Working Paper No. 2020-82.
Lecture 4, February 3, 2021
- Extract from “The Gender Gap Between Earnings Distributions,” Maasoumi and Wang
- Race and Gender in the Labor Market, Altonji and Blank (1999)
- Paper: Altonji, Joseph G., and Rebecca M. Blank. (1999). “Race and gender in the labor market.” In Handbook of Labor Economics, edited by Orley Ashenfelter and David Card. Chapter 48, pp. 3143-3259. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
- Black-White Inequality, Neal (2020)
- Divergent Paths: A New Perspective on Earnings Differences between White Men since 1940, Bayer and Charles
- Paper: Bayer, Patrick, and Kerwin Kofi Charles. (2018). “Divergent Paths: A New Perspective on Earnings Differences Between Black and White Men Since 1940.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(3):1459-1501.
- Studying Discrimination: Fundamental Challenges and Recent Progress, Guryan and Charles
- Paper: Guryan, Jonathan, and Kerwin Kofi Charles. (2013). “Taste-based or Statistical Discrimination: The Economics of Discrimination Returns to its Roots.” The Economic Journal, 123(572):F417-F432.
- Implicit Discrimination, Bertrand, Chugh and Mullainathan (2005)
- Paper: Bertrand, Marianne, Dolly Chugh, and Sendhil Mullainathan. (2005). “Implicit Discrimination.” American Economic Review, 95(2):94-98.
- Detecting Discrimination, Heckman (1998)
- The American Family in Black & White: A Post-Racial Strategy for Improving Skills to Promote Equality. Heckman
- Experimental Age Discrimination Evidence and the Heckman Critique, Neumark, Burn and Button (2016)
- Paper: Neumark, David, Ian Burn, and Patrick Button. (2016). “Experimental Age Discrimination Evidence and the Heckman Critique.” American Economic Review, 106(5):303-08.
Lecture 5, February 10, 2021
- Firm Heterogeneity in Skill Demands, Deming and Kahn (2016).
- Robot Adoption and Labor Market Dynamics, Humlum (2019)
- Notes on “Differential Rents and the Distribution of Earnings”
- The Growing Importance of Social Skills in the Labor Market, Deming (2017)
- Income Dynamics and Life-cycle Inequality: Mechanisms And Controversies by Blundell (2014)
- Notes on “Assignment Problems and the Location of Economic Activities” by Koopmans and Beckmann
- The Race Between Demand and Supply: Tinbergen’s Pioneering Studies of Earnings Inequality
- Simple Model of Human Capital Formation
Lecture 6, February 17, 2021
- Separating Heterogeneity from Uncertainty
- Income Processes/Shocks, Market Structure, and Information, Lise
- RIP to HIP: The Data Reject Heterogeneous Labor Income Profiles, Hryshko
- Modeling the Income Process (Extract from “Earnings, Consumption and Lifecycle Choices” by Meghir and Pistaferri)
- Earnings, Consumption and Lifecycle Choices, Meghir and Pistaferri
- Income Volatility and the PSID: Past Research and New Results, Moffitt and Zhang (2018)
- Models for Social Mobility and Skill Formation
Lecture 7, February 24, 2021
- Raj Chetty in 14 Charts: Big Findings on Opportunity and Mobility We Should All Know, Reeves and Krause (2018)
- Paper: Reeves, Richard V. and Eleanor Krause. (2018). “Raj Chetty in 14 charts: Big findings on opportunity and mobility we should all know,” Brookings Institution Social Mobility Memos, Thursday, January 11, 2018.
- Social Mobility Within and Between Generations
- Neighborhood Effects and Child Outcomes: Evaluating the Recent Empirical Literature by Michael Galperin
- Neighborhood Feedback, Endogenous Stratification, and Income Inequality, Durlauf (1996)
Lecture 8, March 3, 2021
- Household Choices and Child Development, Del Boca, Flinn, and Wiswall (2014)
- Paper: Del Boca, Daniela, Christopher Flinn, and Matthew Wiswall. (2013). “Household Choices and Child Development.” The Review of Economic Studies, 81(1):137-185.
- The Economics of Parenting, Doepke, Sorrenti, and Zilibotti (2019)
- Paper: Doepke, Matthias, Giuseppe Sorrenti, and Fabrizio Zilibotti. (2019). “The Economics of Parenting.” NBER Working Paper No. 25533.
- Inheritance of Inequality (Bowles and Gintis)
- Income Mobility, Jäntti and Jenkins (2013)
- Family Influence, Investment, and Intergenerational Mobility by Runhua Li, Lucas Mation and Goya Razavi
- Overview
- Social Mobility Within and Between Generations
- Some Evidence on Social Mobility in the U.S. Economy Extract from: American Inequality and Social Mobility Viewed Through a Danish Prism
- A Theory of Intergenerational Mobility. Becker, Kominers, Murphy, and Spenkuch. (2018).
- Understanding the Great Gatsby Curve
- The Implications of Dynamic Complementarity for Investments across Children with Different Initial Endowments
- Education Policy and Intergenerational Transfers in Equilibrium, Abbott, Gallipoli, Meghir, and Violante (2019)
- Public and parental investments and children’s skill formation, Landersø (2019)
- Parental Responses to High Quality Interventions, Garcia and Heckman (2015)
- The Danish Welfare State: Social mobility, Inequality, and Challenges
- Understanding the Heterogeneity of Intergenerational Mobility across Neighborhoods: A Case Study of Denmark
- How Large is the Stock Component of Human Capital? by Huggett and Kaplan (2016)
- The Asset Value of Human Capital and Intergenerational Mobility by Eshaghnia and Torcasso (2020)
- The Economics of Human Development and Social Mobility
- Policies to Promote Social Mobility
- The Manipulation of Children’s Preferences, Old-Age Support, and Investment in Children’s Human Capital, Becker, Murphy, and Spenkuch. (2016).
- Parental Guidance and Supervised Learning. (2008). Lizzeri and Siniscalchi.
- An Equilibrium Model of Child Maltreatment. (2006). Akabayashi.
- The Inheritance of Inequality, Bowles and Gintis (2002)
- Actors in the Child Development Process by Del Boca, Flinn, Verriest, and Wiswall (2019)
- Parent–child interactions and Child Outcomes: Evidence from Randomized Intervention, Kim, Schultz, Zimmerman, and Hahlweg, 2018.
- Kim, Jun Hyung, Wolfgang Schulz, Tanja Zimmermann, and Kurt Hahlweg. (2018). “Parent–child interactions and child outcomes: Evidence from randomized intervention.” Labour Economics, 54:152-171.
Lecture 9, March 10, 2021
- Dynamic Microeconomic Models of Fertility Choice: A Survey, Arroyo and Zhang (1997)
- Paper: Arroyo, Cristino R., and Junsen Zhang. (1997). “Dynamic Microeconomic Models of Fertility Choice: A Survey.” Journal of Population Economics, 10(1):23-65.
- Fertility and the Economy, Becker (1992)
- Paper: Becker, Gary S. (1992). “Fertility and the Economy.” Journal of Population Economics, 5(3):185-201.
- Bargaining over Babies: Theory, Evidence, and Policy Implications, Doepke and Kinderman (2019)
- Paper: Doepke, Matthias, and Fabian Kindermann. (2019). “Bargaining over Babies: Theory, Evidence, and Policy Implications.” American Economic Review, 109(9):3264-3306.
- Career and Family Decisions: Cohorts Born 1935-1975, Eckstein, Keane, and Lifshitz (2019)
- Paper: Eckstein, Zvi, Michael Keane, and Osnat Lifshitz. (2019). “Career and Family Decisions: Cohorts Born 1935–1975.” Econometrica, 87(1):217-253.
- Dynamic Female Labor Supply, Eckstein and Lifshitz (2011)
- Paper: Eckstein, Zvi, and Osnat Lifshitz. (2011). “Dynamic Female Labor Supply.” Econometrica, 79(6):1675-1726.
- Marriage, Labor Supply, and Home Production, Goussé, Jacquemet, and Robin (2017)
- Paper: Goussé, Marion, Nicolas Jacquemet, and Jean-Marc Robin. (2017). “Marriage, Labor Supply, and Home Production.” Econometrica, 85(6):1873-1919.
Supplemental
- Health Insurance and Income Inequality, Kaestner and Lubotsky (2016)
- Paper: Kaestner, Robert, and Darren Lubotsky. (2016). “Health Insurance and Income Inequality.” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 30(2):53-78.
- Labor Market Concentration, Azar, Marinescu, and Steinbaum. (2018)
- The Fall of the Labor Share and the Rise of Superstar Firms, Autor, Dorn, Katz, Patterson, and Van Reenen. (2019)
- Production Approach to Markup Estimation, Raval (2019)
- Life-Cycle Wage Growth and Heterogeneous Human Capital, Sanders and Taber. (2012)
- Ben-Porath Notes
- Sheshinski Specification
- A Theory of Persistent Income Inequality, Durlauf (1996)
- A Theory of Intergenerational Mobility (with Appendix). Becker, Kominers, Murphy, and Spenkuch. (2018).
- Imperfect Compliance Notes
- Occupation Mobility, Human Capital and the Aggregate Consequences of Task-Biased Innovations by Dvorkin and Monge-Naranjo (2019).
- Student Loans and Repayment: Theory, Evidence and Policy
- Credit Constraints and Education: Models and Analysis
- When Student Loans Linger: Characteristics of Borrowers Who Hold Student Loans over Multiple Decades, Blagg (2020)
- Family Disadvantage, Gender and the Returns to Genetic Human Capital by Ronda, Agerbo, Bleses, Mortensen, and Rosholm (2019)
Student Presentations
- Wealth Inequality through Time by Fulin Guo, Winnie Tong, and Xiaofeng Li
- Skills and Tasks by Nadav Kunievsky, Jack Light, and Francesco Ruggieri
- Role of Firms: Automation and the Labor Market by Aabir Abubaker Kar, Jesús Pacheco, and Erika Tsuruyama
- Credit Constraints by Laurence O’Brien and Francesco Ruggieri
- Interventions and Evaluation by Emileigh Harrison, Chanwool Kim and Mythili Vinnakota
TA Session Slides
- Simple Model of Human Capital Formation
- Preferences, Personality Psychology, and Economics: Some New Results
- The Rising Return to Non-Cognitive Skill by Edin, Fredriksson, Nybom, and Ockert (2017)
- A Rosetta Stone for Noncognitive Skills: Understanding, Assessing, and Enhancing Noncognitive Skills in Primary and Secondary Education by Roberts, Martin, and Olaru (2015)
2020 Handouts
Wrap-Up Session
- Overview of Lecture 10
- Social Mobility Within and Between Generations
- Rising Wage Inequality and the Effectiveness of Tuition Subsidy Policies: Explorations with a Dynamic General Equilibrium Model of Labor Earnings
- Wrap Up for Skills, Families, and Markets
- Student Questions for Wrap-Up Session
Supplemental Handouts
- Inequality in the Scandinavian Welfare State:
A Study of Denmark vs. U.S., Landersø - The Principles Underlying Evaluation Estimators
- “The Econometrics of Matching Models” Chiappori & Salanié (2016)
- Measures of income: The importance of incorporating taxes, in-kind transfers, and adjusting for the unit of analysis, Rusk (2019)
- Distributional National Accounts: Methods and Estimates for The United States, by Piketty, Saez, and Zucman (2018)
- Global Inequality Dynamics: New
Findings from WID.world, Alvaredo, Chancel, Piketty, Saez, and Zucman (2017) - A Theory of Intergenerational Mobility (with Appendix). Becker, Kominers, Murphy, and Spenkuch. (2018)
- The Inheritance of Inequality by Bowles and Gintis
- Inequality, Mobility, and Being Poor in America, Horowitz
- Household Incomes in Tax Data: Using Addresses to Move from Unit to Household Income Distributions, Larrimore, Mortensen, and Splinter (2019)
- Top 1 Percent Income Shares: Comparing Estimates Using Tax Data, Auten snd Splinter (2019)
- Income Inequality in the United States: Using Tax Data to Measure Long term Trends, by Auten and Splinter
- Recent Trends in U.S. Top Income Shares in Tax Record Data Using More Comprehensive Measures of Income Including Accrued Capital Gains by Larrimore, Burkhauser, Auten and Armour (2016)
- The Declining Fortunes of the Young Since 2000 by Beaudry, Green, and Sand (2014)
- The Great Reversal in the Demand for Skill and Cognitive Tasks by Beaudry, Green, and Sand (2016)
- Complex-Task Biased Technological Change and the Labor Market by Caines, Hoffmann, and Kambourov (2016)
- Does Automation Drive the Labor Market? by Caines, Hoffmann, and Kambourov (2017)
- Are Economists’ Preferences Psychologists’ Personality Traits?
- Separating Skills from Effort in the Identification of Factor Models and Implications for the Gender Gap by Jake C. Torcasso
- Overview: Bringing Firms Into Wage Determination (And a First Pass at Marriage Markets)
- Summary of Skills vs. Tasks: How Important Are Occupations? Overview of the Literature
- Wage Equations: Efficiency Units, Elementary Hedonic Models (Gorman and Lancaster) With and Without Bundling Restrictions
- Accounting for Income Changes Over the Great Recession Relative to Previous Recessions: The Impact of Taxes and Transfers by Larrimore, Burkhauser , and Armour (2015)
- Who Pays No Tax?, Splinter (2019)
- Progressive Growth, Splinter (2019)
- Income Mobility and Inequality in the United States, Splinter (2019)
- Income and Earnings Mobilitiy in U.S. Tax Data, Larrimore, Mortensen, and Splinter (2019)
- Accounting for United States Household Income Inequality Trends: The Changing Importance of Household Structure and Male and Female Labor Earnings Inequality by Larrimore (2014)
- Raj Chetty in 14 Charts: Big Findings on Opportunity and Mobility We Should All Know by Reeves and Krause (2018)
- Americans Overestimate the Intergenerational Persistence in Income Ranks, Cheng and Wen (2019)
- Brief Comments on Chetty
- Income Growth and Its Distribution From Eisenhower to Obama: The Growing Importance of In-kind Transfers (1959-2016). Elwell, Corinth, Burkhauser (2019)
- Technical Extract: Skills, Tasks and Technologies: Implications for Employment and Earnings, Acemoglu and Autor (2011)
- Does Automation Drive the Labor Market? by Caines, Hoffmann, and Kambourov (2017)
- Progressive Growth: Comparing Cross Sectional and Panel Approaches, Splinter (2019)
- Evaluating The Success Of President Johnson’s War on Poverty: Revisiting The Historical Record Using A Full-income Poverty Measure,
Burkhauser, Corinth, Elwell, and Larrimore (2019) - Recent Trends in Top Income Shares in the United States: Reconciling Estimates
from March CPS and IRS Tax Return Data by Burkhauser, Feng,Jenkins, and Larrimore (2012) - Measuring Income and Wealth at the Top Using Administrative and Survey Data by Bricker, Henriques, Krimmel, Sabelhaus (2016).
- Capitalists in the Twenty-first Century, Smith, Yagan, Zidar, and Zwick (2019)
- Understanding Benefit Cliffs and Marginal Tax Rates, Institute for Research on Poverty (2019)
- How Marginal Tax Rates Affect Families at Various Levels of Poverty, Maag, Steuerle, Chakravarti, Quakenbush (2012)
- Top Income Inequality in the 21st Century: Some Cautionary Notes Guvenen, Kaplan (2017)
- Top Wealth in the United States: New Estimates and Implications for Taxing the Rich Smith, Zidar, and Zwick (2019).
- Application of the Roy Model to Education: Education and Self-Selection
- The Empirical Content of the Roy Model
- Some Evidence on the Returns to Schooling from “Estimating Marginal Returns to Education” by Carneiro, Heckman and Vytlacil
- Job Market Polarization and U.S. Worker Skills: A Tale of Two Middles, Holzer (2015)
- Rising Wage Inequality and the Effectiveness of Tuition Subsidy Policies: Explorations with a Dynamic General Equilibrium Model of Labor
Earnings - Integrating Financial Markets with Human Capital Markets, Hai and Heckman
- Recent Flattening in the Higher Education Wage Premium: Polarization, Skill Downgrading, or Both? Valletta (2018)
- Robot Adoption and Labor Market Dynamics, Humlum (2019)
- Unpacking the polarization of workplace skills, Alabdulkareem, Frank, Sun, et al. (2018)
- Returns to Education: The Causal Effects of Education on Earnings, Health and Smoking
- Summary of Skills vs. Tasks: How Important Are Occupations? Overview of the Literature
- The Technology of Skill Formation
- Increasing Differences Between Firms: Market Power and the Macro-Economy, van Reenen (2018)
- Does Automation Drive the Labor Market? Caines, Hoffman, Kambourov (2017)
- Family Income Shocks and
Adolescent Human Capital by Pedro Carneiro, Kjell G. Salvanes, and Emma Tominey, 2016 - The U-Shapes of Occupational Mobility by Groes, Kircher, and Manovskii
- Robots and Jobs: Evidence from US Labor Markets by Acemoglu and Restrepo, 2019
- Permanent-Income Inequality by Abbott and Gallipoli
- Imperfect Competition, Compensating Differentials and Rent Sharing in the U.S. Labor Market by Lamadon, Mogstad, and Setzler (2019)
- An Evaluation of the Alief Independent School District Jump Start Program: Using a Model to Recover Mechanisms from an RCT by Cunha and Wolpin (2019)
- Matching with Transfers: The Economics of Love and Marriage
- Family, Marriage Markets and Inequality: A Matching Approach, Presented by Simon Weber
- “Who Marries Whom and Why,” Choo and Siow (2006)
- “The Econometrics of Matching Models” Chiappori & Salanié (2016)
- Earnings and Consumption Dynamics: A Nonlinear Data Framework, Arellano, Blundell, and Bonhomme (2017)
- What Can Primates Teach Us About Human Development? by Dettmer, Heckman, Pantano, Ronda, and Suomi (2019)
- Equity and Efficiency In Human Capital Investment: The Local Connection, Benabou (1996)
- Social Interactions: Background
- Social Interactions: Some Theory
- Notes on “Identification and Estimation of Hedonic Models” by Ekeland, Heckman and Nesheim (2004)
- Overview: Bringing Firms Into Wage Determination (And a First Pass at Marriage Markets)
- Matching with Transfers: The Economics of Love and Marriage
- Notes on the Gale-Shapley Algorithm
- Marriage, Labor Supply and The Dynamics of the Social Safety Net by Low, Meghir, Pistaferri, and Voena (2018)
- Evaluating Public Programs with Close Substitutes: The Case of Head Start, Kline and Walters
- Human Capital Accumulation and Earnings Dynamics over the Life Cycle: the Ben-Porath Model and Beyond
- Extract: “The Fading American Dream: Trends in Absolute Income Mobility Since 1940,” by Chetty, Grusky, Hell, Hendren, Manduca, and Narang (2017)
- Labor Market Power by Berger, Herkenhoff, and Mongey. (2019).
- Repeated Interaction and the Evolution of Preferences for Reciprocity. Guttman (2003).
- Identifying Equilibrium Models
of Labor Market Sorting, Hagedorn, Law, and Manovskii (2017) - Measures of income: The importance of incorporating taxes, in-kind transfers, and adjusting for the unit of analysis A Couple Suggested Slides. Coleman (2020)
- Notes on Denmark
- The Origins and Persistence of Inequality in Denmark by Durlauf, Karlson, Heckman, and Landersø
- Inequality in the Scandinavian Welfare State:
A Study of Denmark vs. U.S. by Landersø and Heckman - Policies to Promote Social Mobility
- The Role of Startups in Job Creation, Innovation and Productivity Growth by
Haltiwanger (2019)